Last Updated: February 25, 2016
·
1.6K
· engineersmnky

Concise Validations for VBA

Somethings are better dirty but code is not one of them.
I recently dove into an old Access Database to see how the Form validations were written only to find a jumbled mess of If..ElseIF...Conditionals with intermingled loops and Goto Statements that would have made your head spin. It reminded me of the Disney version of Alice in wonderland where the Cheshire Cat says "Some people go both ways." After following the logic down the rabbit hole I realized that Access and VBA for that matter seems to lack a concise way to group validations which inspired me to write new validations for anything I could think of.

I started out with some very basic validations for numbers and strings but as with all code (at least for me) once the whirlpool starts spinning you might as well swim all the way to the bottom. So I thought to myself where are the cleanest and most transparent validations RAILS! (with strict bias due to my love affair with Ruby) . So I set out on an adventure to create a rails style validation class for VBA.

Enter Validator

Validator acts as a validation engine for VBA Applications

Validator's formatting was inspired by Rails validations and uses as similar a formatting style as possible

It must be used in conjunction with ValidatorError which will hold the name and error message for each object that fails validation

Validator includes multiple methods for retreiving these error including

errors - Which returns the full collection of Errors

error_messages - which returns only the messages for objects that failed validation

error_keys - returns only the name for objects that failed validation

uniq_keys - returns a unique collection of errors based on name so only the first failed validation for a named object will be included in this collection

Usage:

Dim v As New Validator
With v
     .validates 123, "Number", numericalityOf:=True, only_integer:=True, greater_than_or_equal_to:=11
     .validates "String", "String", stringnessOf:=True, length:=6, contains:="ing", begins_with:="S"
     .validates "12345","Number2",numericalityOf:=True, greater_than:=12344, force:=vbInteger, stringnessOf:=True, min_length:=3, begins_with:="1"
End With


If v.is_valid Then
    Do Something
Else
    Do something Else
End If

Alternate Usage:

   Dim v As New Validator
   v.value = 123
   v.name = "Number"

^^^ is the same as v.validates 123,"Number"

   v.numericality only_integer:=True, greater_than_or_equal_to:=11
   v.stringness length:=6, contains:="ing", begins_with:="S"
   v.dateness 

Each validates call returns a Boolean so you can use this in conditionals as well.

If v.stringness(length:=2) then
    Msgbox "String is 2 Characters Long."
Else
     Msgbox "String is not 2 Characters Long."
End If

Custom Validation: If you find the builtin methods are not enough to handle your validation it comes with a .customvalidation function which allows you to specify a Boolean statement with an optional name and errormessage

.validates allows you to set a values and an optional name for each validation Options are:

   Shared:
        allow_null (Boolean) - returns true for validation even if value is null * Does not apply to presence
        other_than (Variant) - returns true if the value is something other than what is specified * Shared By numericality and dateness
   presenceOf: 
       returns true is object has a value
   numericalityOf options:(Default=False)
       only_integer (Boolean) - checks to see if val is a vbInteger
       allow_null (Boolean) - this is the only option that does not require a number as it will return its own value if val is Null
       is_equal_to (Variant) - checks to see if test_val = is_equal_to
       greater_than (Variant) - will check to see if val is greater than this value and return (takes presidence over _or_equal_to)
       greater_than_or_equal_to (Variant) - same a greater than but with an equality check
       less_than (Variant) - will check to see if a value is less than this value and return (takes presidence over _or_equal_to)
       less_than_or_equal_to (Variant) - same as less than with an equality check
       odd (Boolean) - checks to see if val is odd if True
       even (Boolean) - checks to see if a val is even if True
       is_type (VBA.vbVarType) - checks to see if val is of a specific data_type
       force(VBA.VbVarType) - attempts to force test_val to a specified data-type prior to testing 
                 * This value can be retrieved afterwards with .test_value (unless used with stringness strict:=False(Default))

   stringnessOf options: (Default=False)
       allow_blank (Boolean) - this is similar to allow_null only it will fail if the sting is null but pass if it is an empty string ""
       length(Integer) - check if the string is a specified length
       min_length(Integer) - check if the length of a string is greater than or equal to min length
       max_length(Integer) - check is a string is short than or equal to max length
       begins_with (String) - Check is a string begins with a specified string
       ends_with (String) - Check is a string ends with a specified string (can be used with case_sensitive)
       contains (String) - Check is a string contains a specified string (can be used with case_sensitive)
       matches (String) - Check is a string matches a given regex pattern (case sensitive has no effect on this method)
       case_sensitive (Boolean) - to be used in conjunction with begins_with, ends_with, and contains
       strict (Boolean) - if strict it validates test_val as is otherwise it attempts to make it a string before testing  
               *This value can be retrieved afterwards with .test_value (overrides numericality force)

   datenessOf options:(Default=False)
       allow_null (Boolean) - this is the only option that does not require a date as it will return its own value if test_val is Null
       after (Date) - will check to see if test_val is after this value and return (takes presidence over on_or_)
       on_or_after (Date) - same a after but with an equality check
       before(Date) - will check to see if a value is before this value and return (takes presidence over on_or_)
       on_or_before (Date) - same as before with an equality check

 example: validates 123.45, "Number", [Options]

I then have been able to use this in conjunction with functions to loop through named validation and highlight the fields(Access) or Cells(Excel), add error labels, comments and much more all in an easy to read format.

It is still a work in progress but I am quite pleased with the direction it is heading. Anyone who has suggestions please feel free. The code is also available in my github repo