What is the difference between g++ and gcc?

GCC: GNU Compiler Collection, Referrers to all the different languages that are supported by the GNU compiler.

gcc: GNU C Compiler
g++: GNU C++ Compiler

The main differences:

gcc will compile: .c/.cpp files as C and C++ respectively.
g++ will compile: .c/.cpp files but they will all be treated as C++ files.
Also if you use g++ to link the object files it automatically links in the std C++ libraries (gcc does not do this).
gcc compiling C files has less predefined macros.
gcc compiling .cpp and g++ compiling *.c/.cpp files has a few extra macros.